Maldron Hotel, 99-107 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 RK37
Approved in Jan 2024. Built and signed off.
- 28 Aug 2023Received
- 14 Dec 2023Approved
- 24 Jan 2024Final approval
- 29 Jan 2024Building started
- 22 May 2024Signed off
- Status
- Building started
- Decision
- Approved · 14 Dec 2023
- Council
- Dublin City Council
- Type
- Permission
- Site
- 99 m²
What’s proposed
The proposed development will consist of the installation of telecommunications equipment including pole mounted tri-sector antennae, dish, remote radio units (RRU'S), GPS, cabinet, steelwork, supporting fixtures and all associated site development works on the rooftop to provide for high speed wireless data and broadband services
Planning details
- Reference
- 4376/23
- Local authority
- Dublin City Council
- Status
- Commenced · register status “Decision Notice Issued”
- Received
- 28 Aug 2023
- Observations close
- 2 Oct 2023 (closed 1112 days ago)
- Decision due
- 20 Dec 2023 · decided 14 Dec 2023
- Decision
- Grant permission on 14 Dec 2023
- Site area
- 99 m² from the mapped boundary, not the council's figure
Nearby 224 · 500 m · 5 years
- OpenThe Treasury Building and Treasury Annex, Grand Canal Street Lower and Macken Street, Dublin 2.
- WithdrawnThe Treasury Building and Treasury Annex, Grand Canal Street Lower and Macken Street, Dublin 2
- Awaiting decision9 Magennis Square, Dublin 2, D02NC86
- Withdrawn9 Magennis Square, Dublin 2, Co. Dublin, D02NC86
- Granted2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Refused47-48 Hogan Place, Dublin 2
- GrantedSaint Andrews Church, Westland Row, Dublin 2
Show all 224
- Awaiting decision8-9 Grant's Row (also accessible from 11A Grattan Street), Dublin 2
- Awaiting decision21 Westland Row, The University College of Dublin, Dublin 2
- Awaiting decision19-20 Lombard Street East, and 112-113 & 114 Townsend Street, Dublin 2
- Awaiting decisionUnit 6, Miller's Lodge 33 - 34 Barrow Street, Dublin 4, D04P6W6
- Awaiting decision4, Albert Place East, Dublin 2 D02 PP74
- Awaiting decisionUnit 6, Miller's Lodge, 33-34 Barrow Street, Dublin 4,, D04 PW6W
- Withdrawn21 Westland Row, The University Of Dublin Trinity College, Westland Row, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn4, Albert Place East, Dublin 2, D02 PP74
- WithdrawnUnit 6, Miller's Lodge, 33-34 Barrow Street, Dublin 4, D04 PW6W
- Awaiting decision81B Campshires, Sir John Rogerson’s Quay, Dublin 2, D02 NW20
- Withdrawn81B Campshires, Sir John Rogerson’s Quay, Dublin 2, D02 NW20
- Awaiting decisionPret A Manger, Pearse Street Station, Westland Row, Dublin 2, Ireland, D02 RV00
- WithdrawnPret A Manger, Pearse Street Station, Westland Row, Dublin 2, D02 RV00
- Appealed14, Grattan Street, Dublin 2, D02 RK12
- Granted67A Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 WD62
- GrantedThe Alex Hotel, 16-20 Cumberland Street South, Dublin 2, D02Y097, and 41-47 Fenian Street, Dublin 2,
- GrantedThe Alex Hotel, 16-20 Cumberland Street South, Dublin 2, D02Y097, and 41-47 Fenian Street, Dublin 2, D02H678.
- WithdrawnThe Alex Hotel, 16-20 Cumberland Street South, Dublin 2, D02Y097, and 41-47 Fenian Street, Dublin 2, D02H678.
- Refused48 Hogan Place, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnPret A Manger, Westland Road, Dublin 2, D02RV00
- Withdrawn48 Hogan place, Dublin 2.
- Commenced77 Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedGrattan House 67-72 Mount Street Lower, Dublin 2
- Granted35 Merrion Square East, Dublin 2, D02KH30
- Appeal decided33 Alexander Court, 11-14 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn35 Merrion Square East, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn33 Alexander Court, 11-14 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn33 Alexander Court, 11-14 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn33 Alexander Court, 11-14 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- RefusedThe Hot Box Sauna, Tower 2, The Flour Mills, Bolands Quay, Ringsend and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- WithdrawnThe Hot Box Sauna, Unit 7, Tower 2, The Flour Mills, Bolands Quay, Ringsend and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- WithdrawnThe Hot Box Sauna, Unit 7, Tower 2, Bolands Quay, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, D04 KA9P
- Granted51-54 Pearse Streeet, Dublin 2
- GrantedRear of 26 Pearse Square fronting onto Hanover Street ., Dublin 2, D02NP92
- GrantedNo. 2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 and No. 1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- CommencedUnit 40 Forbes Street, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 PP49
- WithdrawnUnit 40 Forbes Street, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 PP49
- Granted1 Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin Docklands, Dublin 2
- Granted15 Hogan Place, Dublin 2, D02 DK23
- Withdrawn15 Hogan Place, Dublin 2, D02 DK23
- Granted3, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 WC65
- CommencedThe Shipping Office Building, Block 1, Unit 2 Lime Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn3 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 NR22
- WithdrawnThe Shipping Office Building, Block 1, Unit 2, Lime Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedA section of the Grand Canal Dock Quay Wall, Dublin 2, to the eastern side of the Malt House, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 and to the eastern side of Waterways House, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Commenced1 Pearse Square, Dublin 2, D02 PC61
- CommencedThe Shipping Office, 20-26, Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, D02 Y049
- GrantedBasement Front, 10 Merrion Square North, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnThe Shipping Office, 20-26 Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, D02 Y049
- Granted9, Dowling's Court, Dublin 2, D02 CP30
- Granted1 Pearse Square, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnThe Shipping Office, 20-26, Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin, D02 Y049
- Withdrawn9, Dowling's Court, Dublin 2, D02 CP30
- GrantedBuilding B, 1 Ringsend Road, (protected structure RPS 7377) and Building F,, the ‘Factory’ Building (protected structure RPS 485), Boland's Quay, Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- Granted4 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnBuilding B, 1 Ringsend Road and Building F, Boland's Quay, Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- Withdrawn4 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 , D02HR22
- Appeal decidedThe junction of Macken Street, and Grand Canal Street Lower, Dublin 2
- Granted7-11, Sir John Rogerson's Quay and Windmill Lane, Dublin 2
- Granted8, Merrion Square, Dublin 2, D02 YE68
- Withdrawn8 Merrion Square, Dublin, D02 YE68
- Refused9, Hanover Quay, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn9, Hanover Quay, Dublin 2
- Granted50 City Quay & ESB Substation Opposite & North of City Quay, Dublin Docklands, Dublin 2
- Granted5, Island Villa, Dublin 2, D02 ED83
- GrantedTownhall, 1, Windmill Lane, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn50, City Quay, Dublin 2 , D02F588
- GrantedLansdowne Road, north of the DART station, Dublin 4
- Withdrawnnorth of the DART station, Lansdowne Road, Dublin 4
- Granted46 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02H920
- Granted58, 59, 60 & 61, Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2
- Granted4, Grattan Place, Dublin 2
- GrantedUnit 3, Forbes Street, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2
- Commenced4-5, Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnUnit 3, Forbes Street, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn9, Hanover Quay, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn4, Grattan Place, Dublin 2
- CommencedGrattan House, 67-72, Mount Street Lower, Dublin 2
- GrantedUnit 7, Tower 2, The Flour Mill, Bolands Quay, Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- Granted42A Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Granted13, Albert Place East, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn46 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 H920
- Refused64 Mount Street Lower, Dublin 2, D02 X5N7
- GrantedCorner of Grand Canal Street Lower and Albert Court, Dublin 2
- Appeal decidedHospitality House , 16-20 Cumberland Street, Dublin 2 D02Y097 & Alex Hotel , 41-47 Fenian Street, Dublin 2 D02H678
- WithdrawnHospitality House & Alex Hotel, 16-20 Cumberland Street, Dublin 2 D02Y097 & 41-47 Fenian Street, Dublin 2 D02H678
- GrantedThe Atlantis Building, Cumberland Court, Cumberland Street South, Dublin 2
- Appeal decided33 Alexander Court, 11-14 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- Appeal decided62-64, Fenian Street, Nos. 2,3,4,9,10 & 11 Bass Place and, Nos. 1-3 Sandwith Street Upper, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn33 Alexander Court, 11-14 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- CommencedNo's 1-4 Martin's Terrace, Dublin 2 (D02DK03, D02TD56, D02XE14, D02YT10) and adjoining lands, at corner of Macken Street and the new realigned Hanover Street East
- CommencedUnit 3, Building B, The Flour Mill, Bolands Quay, Ringsend Road, Dublin 4
- GrantedTreasury Building, Grand Canal Street Lower, Dublin 2
- GrantedMaldron Hotel, 98-107 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 RK37
- Commenced1, Pearse Square, Dublin 2 , D02PC61
- Refused151, Pearse Street, Dublin 2.
- GrantedAnantara, The Marker Dublin Hotel, Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2, D02 CK38
- Withdrawn1 Pearse Square, Dublin 2, D02PC61
- Commenced7-11, Sir John Rogerson's Quay and Windmill Lane, Dublin 2
- GrantedTreasury Annex, Adjoins the 'Treasury Building' located at the junction of Grand Canal Street Lower and Macken, Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedNational Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin 2
- Appeal decidedNo. 6 Mount Street Lower, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnThe National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn64 Mount Street Lower (at Basement Level), Dublin 2, D02 X5N7
- CommencedUnits 3 and 13, Tower 1, Bolands Quay, Dublin 4
- Withdrawn151, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Commenced11, Grant's Row, Dublin 2, D02 YC53
- Appeal decidedNo. 38 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedThe former Boland's Mill, Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- Granted1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- CommencedNational Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin 2, D02YH21
- Commenced7/8 Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2, D02 WK33.
- Granted19 Magennis Place, Dublin 2
- Granted33, 34, 35A & 35 Barrow Street at Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- WithdrawnNational Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedThe Hamilton Building, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2
- Granted35 Westland Row/35 Harcourt Row, Dublin, D02 XY04
- GrantedThe Lodge, Northumberlands, Grand Canal Street Lower, Dublin 2
- Appeal decided10, Pearse Square, Dublin 2, D02 YE09
- WithdrawnNo. 26 Pearse Square, Dublin 2, D02 NP92, fronting onto Hanover Street
- Commenced68 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 HX92
- CommencedUnit 2 on the corner of Creighton Street and Windmill Lane, Dublin 2
- Granted11 Grants Row, Dublin 2, D02YC53
- WithdrawnRear of No. 10 Pearse Square, fronting onto Byrne's Lane, Dublin 2, D02 YE09
- Withdrawn1, Pearse Square, Dublin 2
- Refused151 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 C898
- Withdrawn151, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn2, Lincoln Place, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnRear of No. 10 Pearse Square, fronting onto Byrne's Lane, Dublin 2, D02 YE09
- Withdrawn1, Pearse Square, Dublin 2, D02 PC61
- WithdrawnThe Hamilton Building, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2
- Refused123, The Sycamore, Winter Gardens, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedTropical Fruit Warehouse, 30-32 Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, D02 VX90
- GrantedAnantara, The Marker Dublin Hotel, Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2, D02 CK38
- Appeal decidedOsteria Lucio, The Malting Tower, Grand Canal Quay, , Clanwilliam Terrace, Dublin 2
- GrantedNo.8 Wilson's Place, Dublin 2
- RefusedThe Lodge, Northumberlands, Grand Canal Street Lower, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn8, Wilson's Place, Dublin 2 D02 YK33
- WithdrawnThe Hamilton Building, Trinity College, Dublin 2 D02 YY50
- WithdrawnAnantara The Marker Dublin Hotel, Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2, D02 CK38
- Withdrawn123 Winter gardens, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn8, Wilson's Place, Dublin 2 D02 YK33
- Granted18 Merrion Square North, Dublin 2, D02 E126
- GrantedSite of 1.089 ha known as The former Boland's Mill incorporating 33 & 34 Barrow Street together with, 35A Barrow Street & 35 Barrow Street, at Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- Withdrawn8-9 Grants Row & 11A Grattan Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedNo. 1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, No. 2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, The Malt House, Grand Canal Quay Dublin 2
- RefusedTropical Fruit Warehouse, 30-32, Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, D02 VX90
- Withdrawn18 Merrion Square North, Dublin 2, Dublin 2, D02 E126
- CommencedClayton Hotel, No's 3-5 Cardiff Lane, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn30-32, Tropical Fruit Warehouse, Sir Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, D02VX90, a Protected Structure, (RPS. Reference No. 7548) and at the, connected new office building to, the (south) of the Protected, Structure
- Granted3, Magennis Square, Dublin 2 D02 XR89
- Granted5 Merrion Street Lower, Dublin 2, D02 DR94
- Withdrawn3, Magennis Square, Dublin 2 D02 XR89
- GrantedRoyal Irish Academy of Music, 36-38 Westland Row, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn18, Merrion Square North, Dublin 2, D02 E126
- GrantedOn the public footpath on Mount Street Lower (outside 73-79, Mount Street Lower, southeast of junction with Grattan Street), Dublin 2
- WithdrawnClayton Hotel and No's 3-5 Cardiff Lane, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnGrattan House, 67-72, Mount Street Lower, Dublin 2, D02 H638
- Commenced38, Merrion Square East, Dublin 2
- Commenced50 City Quay, 1-6 Sir John Rogerson's Quay, 21-22 Windmill Lane, 17 Creighton Street, Observatory Building at 7-11 Sir John Rogerson's Quay and Perpetua Fitness, 2 Windmill Lane, Dublin 2
- GrantedTang Cafe, 2 Cumberland Place, Fenian Street, Dublin 2, D02 H0V5
- Granted35 Westland Row & 35 Harcourt Row, Dublin 2
- Granted62-64, Fenian Street, Nos. 2, 3, 4, 9 & 10 Bass Place and Nos. 1-3 Sandwith Street Upper, Dublin 2
- Granted1, Holles Street, Dublin 2, D02 FX74
- Withdrawn1, Holles Street, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn123, Wintergardens, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Awaiting decisionUnit 1, Ropemaker Place, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2
- Commenced3, Island Villa, Dublin 2 D02 VX99
- Granted22, Clanwilliam Square, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 XY46
- WithdrawnUnit 1, Ropemaker Place, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn22, Clanwilliam Square, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 XY46
- GrantedOn the footpath on the Eastern side of Macken Street, Dublin 2. The site is located adjacent to 'Trinity Technology & Enterprise Campus' to the East and opposite Conway Court (Nos 1-30) to the West
- Commenced70, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- CommencedNo. 1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 and No. 2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- GrantedThe Sorting Office, Ropemaker Place, Dublin 2, D02 HD23
- WithdrawnThe Sorting Office, Ropemaker Place, Dublin 2, D02 HD23
- CommencedThe "Boston Sidings Site" at Grand Canal Quay and Macken Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedNo. 1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 and No.2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Appeal decided38, Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- Granted26, Grand Canal Street Lower, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 W542
- Withdrawn22, Clanwilliam Square, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 XY46
- Withdrawn22, Clanwilliam Square, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 XY46
- Commenced28 Denzille Lane, Dublin 2
- RefusedThe Junction of Macken Street & Grand Canal Street Street Lower, Dublin 2
- Commenced14, Magennis Square, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnThe Junction of Macken Street and Grand Canal Lower, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn14, Magennis Square, Dublin 2
- GrantedThe Kiosks at Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2
- Commenced38, Merrion Square East, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnSite at Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2
- CommencedThe former Boland's Mill incorporating 33 & 34 Barrow Street together with 35A Barrow Street & 35 Barrow Street, Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- Commenced4, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 HR22 (formerly Connaughtons warehouse), 'The Tower', Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 KD43- A Protected Structure and existing, car park between, also at Grand, Canal Quay Dublin 2
- WithdrawnSite at No. 4 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 HR22 (formerly Connaughtons warehouse), 'The Tower', Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, D02 KD43-and existing car park between, also at Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2.
- GrantedUnderground Car Park, Block A, Grand Canal Square, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- GrantedNo. 1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 and No. 2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Granted38 Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- WithdrawnUnderground Car Park, Block A, Grand Canal Square, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn38, Fenian Street, Dublin 2
- Commenced39-43, Merrion Square East, (Protected Structures), D02 NP96, D02 R997 with frontage to Stephen's Place, Dublin 2
- Commenced34, Eblana Villas, Dublin 2
- Commenced1 Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2
- Withdrawn39-43, Merrion Square East, (Protected Structures), D02 NP96, D02 R997 with frontage to Stephen's Place, Dublin 2
- CommencedThe Sorting Office, located at Ropemaker Place and Cardiff Lane, Dublin 2, D02 HD23
- CommencedSite of 1.098 ha known as The former Boland's Mill incorporating 33 & 34 Barrow Street together with 35A Barrow Street & 35 Barrow Street at Ringsend Road and Barrow Street, Dublin 4
- GrantedMalt House North (Eircode D02R239, Malt House South (Eircode D02PW24) and No.s 1-4 Malt House Apartments (Eircode D02A252, D02XF63, D02WF83 and D02E803), Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 (which is a protected structure).
- WithdrawnThe Malt House North (Eircode D02R239), Malt House South (Eircode D02PW24) and No.s 1-4, Malt House Apartments (Eircode D02A252,DO2VF63, DO2WF83 and DO2E803), Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
- Granted30-32, Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2
- CommencedMerrion Building (Morrissey's), Merrion Street Lower, Dublin 2, D02 X27
- Withdrawn34, Eblana Villas, Dublin 2
- Granted5, Merrion Street Lower, Dublin 2
- Commenced46, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Appeal decidedSite at the corner of Macken Street and Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- GrantedNos 39-43, Merrion Square East (Protected Structures), D02 NP96, D02 R997 with frontage to Stephen's Place, Dublin 2.
- WithdrawnNos 39-43, Merrion Square East (Protected Structures), D02 NP96, D02 R997 with frontage to Stephen's Place, Dublin 2.
- CommencedHarmony Court, Harmony Row, Dublin 2
- CommencedNo. 2 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2 and No. 1 Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2
Homes nearby
- For sale139 The Wintergarden, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 FT44
- For sale135 Pearse Street, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 C972
- For sale10 Block 15 Gallery Quay, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 NR79
- For sale11 Gallery Quay, Block 5, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 WR97
- For saleApartment 25, Block 11, Gallery Quay, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 DE06
- For sale3 Gallery Quay, Block 6, Grand Canal Dock, Dublin 2, D02 X244
Development land nearby
From Buildable, our sister site for development land in Dublin.
- Permission running out · 23 homes granted 13 Dec 2021, expires 13 Dec 2026 — 17 Pearse Square (0.1 km)
- Permission running out · 19 homes granted 05 Jan 2022, expires 05 Jan 2027 — Nos. 39-43 (0.5 km)
- Permitted, not started · 87 homes granted 28 Feb 2024, expires 28 Feb 2029 — 62-64 Fenian Street and Bass Place (0.3 km)
- Residential land off The Hazel, Wintergarden, Dublin 2 (0.1 km)
- Residential land off The Hazel, Wintergarden, Dublin 2 (0.1 km)
Building started
- 29 Jan 2024 · Builder told the council work was starting CN0109242DC
Zoning
Zone Z4 - DEV PLAN 2022-2028
A local centre: shops, services and apartments over them, serving the surrounding housing.
Protections nearby 250 m
Flood area nearby (OPW maps). floodinfo.ie ↗
- NIAH-recorded building · 10
Where this comes from
National planning feed (NPAD), fetched 11 Sept 2026, 18:51.
Source: National Planning Application Database · fetched 11 Sept 2026, 18:51
| Source | Licence | Fetched | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Planning Application Database | CC BY 4.0 | 11 Sept 2026, 18:51 | open |
Summary
4376/23 is a planning application to Dublin City Council for the proposed development will consist of the installation of telecommunications, received on 28 Aug 2023; permission was granted on 14 Dec 2023.