Dublin City Council · 4667/22
48 & 49 Upper Gardiner Street, Dublin 1
- 16 Aug 2022Received
- 16 Mar 2023Grant retention permissio
- 27 Apr 2023Final grant
- Status
- Granted
- Decision
- Grant retention permissio · 16 Mar 2023
- Council
- Dublin City Council
- Type
- Retention Permission
- Site
- 513 m²
What’s proposed
PROTECTED STRUCTURE: RETENTION PERMISSION : permission for the retention and completion of the repointing of existing brickwork all to front of the existing protected structures and all associated site works
4667/22 is a planning application to Dublin City Council for pROTECTED STRUCTURE: RETENTION PERMISSION : permission for the retention and completion, received on 16 Aug 2022; permission was granted on 16 Mar 2023.
Planning details
- Reference
- 4667/22
- Local authority
- Dublin City Council
- Status
- Granted · register status “Decision Notice Issued”
- Received
- 16 Aug 2022
- Observations close
- 20 Sept 2022 (closed 1471 days ago)
- Decision due
- 16 Mar 2023 · decided 16 Mar 2023
- Decision
- Grant retention permissio on 16 Mar 2023
- Proposed development
- PROTECTED STRUCTURE: RETENTION PERMISSION : permission for the retention and completion of the repointing of existing brickwork all to front of the existing protected structures and all associated site worksAs published by the register.
- Site area
- 513 m² from the mapped boundary, not the council's figure
- Applicant
- Not published — the national feed carries no applicant name
Nearby 264 applications within 500 m in the last 5 years
- Openthe rear of no. 11, Sherrard Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Open42, Whitworth Road, Dublin 9, D09 Y3C1
- Open3, Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Open80, Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7
- Granted38-42 Hill Street and 36A North Great George's Street, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn38-42 Hill Street and 36A North Great George's Street, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn80, Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7
- Open98 St. Ignatius Road, Phibsborough, Dublin 7
Show all 264
- Withdrawn34 Gardiner Place (Development will be in back area of this property with back entrance on 34 Bath Lane), Dublin 1, Dublin, D01V250
- Open47/47A Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1
- WithdrawnLands to rear of 28, Frederick Street North, Dublin 1, D01 T2W5
- Granted10, Leo Street, Dublin 7, D07 C6T1
- WithdrawnRear of 11, Sherrard Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Granted6, Josephine Avenue, Dublin 7
- Commenced5 Saint Brigids Road Lower, Dublin 9, Dublin 9, D09Y2V8
- Withdrawn81-82 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- WithdrawnLe Gazin Restaurant, 60 Dorset Street Upper, Rotunda, Dublin 1, D01 K6W6
- Commenced1, Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 Y9T1
- Withdrawn1 Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01Y9T1
- Granted41, Belvedere Road, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn1 Upper Gardiner Street , Dublin 1, D01 Y9T1
- OpenRear of 6 North Belvedere Place, Mountjoy, Fronting Fitzgibbon Lane, Dublin 1
- Granted1, Saint Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09W3K2
- Withdrawn1, Saint Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09W3K2
- Withdrawn41, Belvedere Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn81-82, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn81-82, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 2, Dublin
- Commenced55, Russell Avenue, Dublin 3
- Commenced74, Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn74 Saint Ignatius Road, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 XT68
- Appeal decided53 Gardiner Street Upper (corner site with frontage also on Sherrard Street Upper), Dublin 1
- Withdrawn53 Gardiner Street Upper, (Corner site with frontage also on Sherrard Street Upper), Dublin 1
- Commenced17 Grattan Parade, Dublin 9
- Open61, Grenville Lane, Rotunda, Dublin 1
- Commenced13, Glengarriff Parade, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 X2H3
- Granted19, Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 P8H1
- Withdrawn19 Whitworth Road, Dublin 9, Drumcondra , Dublin 9 , D09P8H1 on the corner of Whitworth Road and St. Patrick's Road
- Granted9 Whitworth Road, Dublin 9, D09 N5W4
- Granted21 May Street, Drumcondra, Dublin 3, D03A449
- CommencedJunior House, Belvedere College SJ, Denmark Street Great, Dublin 1
- Granted59 Eccles Street, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 E2NT
- Commenced30 Belvedere Road, Dublin 1, D01 F5W0
- Granted1 Drumcondra Road Lower, Corner Whitworth Place, Dublin 9, D09 CD93
- Granted45, Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Granted4 Synnott Place, Dublin 7, D07F8W3 .
- Granted124-126, Parnell Street, Dublin 1
- Refused71, Upper Dorset Street, Dublin 1, D01KR29
- Withdrawn59, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Granted43 Saint Joseph's Place, Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 7, D07 T2T7
- Withdrawn43 Saint Joseph's Place, Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 7
- GrantedUnit 10A Blessington place, Blessington Place, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn69 Russell Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 3, D03 TX66
- Commenced20 Saint Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 V6E4
- Withdrawn20, St. Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 V6E4
- Withdrawn20, St. Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9 , D09V6E4
- Appeal decided41 Upper Gardiner Street, Dublin 1
- GrantedMater Misercordiae Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 R2WY
- WithdrawnMater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn41 Upper Gardiner Street , Dublin 1
- Commenced79 St. Ignatius Road, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 TN24
- GrantedUnit 2, Father Scully House, Gardiner Street Middle and Temple Lane North, Dublin 1
- GrantedUnit 3, Father Scully House, Gardiner Street Middle and Temple Lane North, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn79, Saint Ignatius Road, Phibsborough, Dublin 7
- Granted67, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 Y76V
- GrantedThe Presbytery, 54-72 Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn11 Belvedere Avenue, Dublin 1, D01V2V1
- Granted6 Blessington Street, Dublin 7, D07RX4N
- Open4, Berkeley Street, Dublin 7, D07 C2RX
- Refused446A North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 T9F4
- Withdrawn11 Belvedere Avenue, Dublin 1
- Granted12 North Great Georges Street, Dublin 1, D01 AW65
- Withdrawn12, North Great George's Street, Dublin 1, D01 AW65
- Granted91, Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn446A North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 T9F4
- Granted17, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Commenced23, Blessington Street, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn17, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Granted8, Grattan Parade, Drumcondra, Dublin 9
- Granted39 Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn39 Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- Granted32, Frederick Street North, Dublin 1
- Granted12-16A Wellington Street Lower, Dublin 7
- CommencedSite to the rear of Nos. 20-22 Fitzgibbon Street, Nos. 6-10 Emmet Street, D01Y207, D01Y207
- Withdrawn13 Synnott Place, Dublin 7, D07 E7N5
- Commenced425, North Circular Road, Dublin 7
- Commenced44, Innisfallen Parade, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 WN84
- Granted48 Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1 , D01 NW50
- WithdrawnRetail Unit 3, The School Yard, 519-533 North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 VP65
- GrantedFormer St. Peter's Bakery (a protected structure), 124-126 Parnell Street, (with frontage to Temple Lane North), Dublin 1
- Withdrawn44, Innisfallen Parade, Phibsorough, Dublin 7, D07 WN84
- GrantedHotel 7 (No. 7 Gardiner Row) and Barrys Hotel (No's 1 & 2 Great Denmark Street), Dublin 1
- Commencedsite at junction of Gardiner Street Upper and Sherrard Street Upper , Mountjoy, Dublin 1
- Granted25 Gardiner Place, Dublin 1
- WithdrawnRetail Unit 3, The School Yard, North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 VP65
- Granted1-3, Portland Street North, Dublin 1
- Commenced18/19, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Commenced42, Whitworth Road, Dublin 9
- Commenced26/27, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Granted2, Derrynane Parade, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 H9R0
- Granted93/94 Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 T688
- Withdrawn26-27 Dorset Street Lower, Rotunda, Dublin 1, D01 PT66
- Withdrawn425, North Circular Road, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn93/94 Dorset Street, Dublin 1
- Granted18-19, Fitzgibbon Street, Montjoy, Dublin 1, Dublin 1, D01 R2K5
- Withdrawn13, Synnott Place, Dublin 7, D07 E7N5
- Withdrawn18/19, Fitzgibbon Street, Montjoy, Dublin 1, D01 R2K5
- Granted15 Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- RefusedBasement Level, Unit 1 Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 F2V3
- Withdrawn13, Synnott Place, Dublin 7, D07 E7N4
- CommencedMater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- WithdrawnBasement Level Unit, 1 Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09F2V3
- Commenced63/64 Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1 & 100-102 Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7 (previously the rear of 63/64 Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1)
- Appeal decidedRear of No. 23 Blessington Street, Dublin 7, D07DT6D
- GrantedSamosa Somali Traditional Cuisine, 60, Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 K6W6
- Withdrawn8 & 9, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn60, Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn63/64 Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1 and 100/102 Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7 (previously the rear of 63/64 Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1. )
- WithdrawnTo the rear of 23, Blessington Street, Dublin 7, D07 DT6D
- GrantedDublin One Hotel, 493-511 North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 A2Y5
- Commenced21 Saint Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9 , D09RT44
- Granted3A, Saint George's Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 3, D03 RH36
- Withdrawn15 Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn3A, Saint George's Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 3, D03 RH36
- Withdrawn3A Saint George's Avenue, Dublin 3
- Withdrawn15 Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- Granted12, Parnell Square East, Dublin 1
- GrantedRear of No. 13 Gardiner Street Upper (Along Kelly's Row), Dublin 1, D01K6C9
- Granted1 Hill Street, Rotunda, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn22 North Frederick Street, Dublin 1
- Granted418 North Circular Road, Dublin 7, D07 A2E4
- Refused12 - 16A, Wellington Street Lower, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn12 Parnell Square East, Dublin 1
- Commenced39, Whitworth Road, Dublin 9
- Withdrawn39, Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 A2F5
- Granted57/58 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn57/58 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Refused151 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 C898
- Withdrawn57/58, The Red Parrot, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn151, Pearse Street, Dublin 2
- Granted14 St. Joseph’s Parade, Dublin 7
- Granted1, Synnott Row, Dublin 7
- Refused18-19 Fitzgibbon Street, Mountjoy, Dublin 1, D01 R2K5
- GrantedMater Misericordiae Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 R2WY
- Commenced21 Grattan Parade, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 N4X9
- WithdrawnThe Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, 37, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- GrantedMater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- GrantedMater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 WKW8
- Withdrawn63-64 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1 and 100-102 Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7 (previously the rear of 63/64 Dorset Street Lower)
- WithdrawnMater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 WKW8
- Granted16, Frederick Street North, Dublin 1 D01 P8N2
- Granted484A North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 RX59
- Granted65 Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 TD35
- WithdrawnDublin Bus Summerhill Depot, Mountjoy Place, Dublin 1, D01 EY86
- Commenced11 Parnell Square East, Dublin 1, D01 ND60
- Granted23 Blessington Street, Dublin 7, D07 DT6D
- Withdrawn65, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07TD35
- Withdrawn18-19 Fitzgibbon Street, Mountjoy, Dublin 1, D01 R2K5
- Withdrawn484A North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 RX59
- Withdrawn11, Parnell Square East, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn16, Frederick Street North, Dublin 1 D01 P8N2
- Granted9-11, Wellington Street Lower, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn11, Parnell Square East, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn1 & 1A, Synnott Row, Dublin 7 D07 EK68
- GrantedMater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn425, North Circular Road, Dublin 7 D07 F865
- Granted9, May Street, Drumcondra, Dublin 3, D03 CH73
- Granted57-58, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1, D01 VOY8
- GrantedHotel 7, (No. 7 Gardiner Row)and Barry's Hotel (No's 1 & 2 Denmark Street Great, Dublin 1
- WithdrawnMater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Granted493-511, North Circular Road, Dublin 1 D01 A2Y5
- Withdrawn493-511, North Circular Road, Dublin 1 D01 A2Y5
- Commenced13 Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Granted18, Gardiner Place, Dublin 1, D01K197
- Granted41, Belvedere Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 1 D01 E2C5
- WithdrawnRear 61 Mountjoy Square West and 59 Grenville Lane, Dublin 1
- Commenced34, Saint Benedict's Gardens, Dublin 7, D07 AH72
- Appeal decided63-64 Lower Dorset Street , Dublin 1 and 100-102 Saint Ignatius Road, Dublin 7, (previously the rear of 63/64 Lower Dorset Street)
- Refused10 & 11, Belvedere Court, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn41, Belvedere Road, Drumcondra, Dublin D01 E2C5
- Granted9-11, Wellington Street Lower, Dublin 7
- Granted22, Gardiner Place, Dublin 1
- Granted67, Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn10 & 11 Belvedere Court Street, Dublin 1
- Refused11, Sherrard Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn18, Gardiner Place, Dublin 1, D01 K197
- Granted40, Whitworth Road, Dublin 9, D09 E7N6
- Granted9-11, Wellington Street Lower, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn9-11 Wellington Street Lower, Dublin 7
- Refused13, Synnott Place, Dublin 7, D07 E7N5
- Appeal decided8 & 9 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Commenced7, Belvidere Avenue, Dublin 1 D01 C9V6
- Granted477, North Circular Road, Dublin 7, D07 E950
- Withdrawn13, Synnott Place, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn477, North Circular Road, Dublin 7, D07 E950
- Granted24, Valentia Parade, D7
- Withdrawn477, North Circular Road, Dublin 7
- Commenced16, Denmark Street Great, Dublin 1, DO1 P227
- Withdrawn24, Valentia Parade, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn2, Innisfallen Parade, Phibsboro, Dublin 7 D07 W2A4
- Withdrawn48 & 49, Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- Appeal decidedLands to the rear of No. 29 Frederick Street North, (within the curtilage of a protected structure, RPS. 2978), Dublin 1, D01 NW86 with development access off Frederick Lane North.
- Refused18, Gardiner Place, Dublin 1, D01K197
- Granted34, North Frederick Street, Dublin 1
- Granted66, Mountjoy Square West, Dublin 1, D01 V0P4
- Withdrawn48 & 49, Upper Gardiner Street, Dublin 1
- Granted29, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn16 Denmark Street Great, Dublin 1, D01 P227
- Withdrawn66 Mountjoy Square West, Dublin 1, D01 V0P4
- Granted63/64 Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn34 North Frederick Street, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn29, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Commenced35, Sherrard Avenue, Dublin 1
- CommencedMater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 WKW8
- Commenced56, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1, D01 TY23
- WithdrawnMater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, D07 WKW8
- Commenced46, Glengarriff Parade, Phibsorough, Dublin 7, D07E864
- WithdrawnLands to the rear of No. 29 Frederick Street North, Dublin 1
- CommencedGround Floor Retail Unit at 19A North Frederick Street/45 Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 AW02.
- Granted3, Kenmare Parade, Phibsboro, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn3, Kenmare Parade, Phibsborough, Dublin 7 D07 HF44
- Refused33, Gardiner Place, Rotunda, Dublin 1, D01 W625
- Granted14 Josephine Avenue, Phibsborough, Dublin 7.
- Commenced8 & 10 Drumcondra Road Lower, Dublin 9
- Withdrawn33, Gardiner Place, Rotunda, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn7, Belvidere Avenue, Dublin 1 D01 C9V6
- Withdrawn7, Belvidere Avenue, North Circular Road, Dublin 1 D01 C9V6
- Commenced67, Fitzroy Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 3
- Refused21, Saint Patrick's Road, Dublin 9, D09 RT44.
- Withdrawn67, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn7, Belvidere Avenue, Dublin 1
- Granted20, St. Patrick's Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, D09 V6E4
- Appeal decided484A North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 RX59
- Withdrawn67, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn8, Whitworth Place, Dublin 3, D03 HE17.
- CommencedSummerhill Dublin Bus Depot, Mountjoy Place, off Mountjoy Square, Summerhill, Dublin 1
- Commenced12, St. Joseph Street, Phibsborough, Dublin 7, D07 Y9A0
- WithdrawnSummerhill Dublin Bus Depot, Mountjoy Place, off Mountjoy Square, Summerhill, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn29 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn29, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- WithdrawnMater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Granted98, St. Ignatius Road, Dublin 7, D07 YV52
- Commenced23, Fitzroy Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 3 D03 RC81
- Withdrawn23, Fitzroy Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 3, D03 RC81
- WithdrawnMater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- GrantedRear 3 Blessington Street, Dublin 7
- Appeal decidedCharles Lane, to the rear of 30, Fitzgibbon Street, Dublin 1, D01 Y6H6
- Granted24, Innisfallen Parade, Dublin 7
- Granted446A, North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 T9F4
- Withdrawn67, Eccles Street, Dublin 7
- Withdrawn446A North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 T9F4
- Granted1, Fitzgibbon Lane, Dublin 1.
- Appeal decided18A Fitzgibbon Street, Dublin 1
- GrantedGround Floor Retail Unit at 19A North Frederick Street/45 Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 AW02.
- WithdrawnGround Floor Retail Unit at 19A North Frederick Street/45 Dorset Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 AW02.
- Withdrawn1, Fitzgibbon Lane, Dublin 1.
- Withdrawn18A Fitzgibbon Street, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn18A, Fitzgibbon Street, Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn18A, Fitzgibbon Street, Dublin 1
- Commenced43, Innisfallen Parade, Phibsborough, Dublin 7
- Commenced280, 282 & 284 Rathmines Road Lower, Rathmines, Dublin 6.
- Withdrawn43, Innisfallen Parade, Phibsborough, Dublin 7
- Granted62, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Granted54A & 54B Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn62, Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
Homes nearby
- SoldFlat 4, 47 Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- WithdrawnFlat 1, 47 Gardiner Street Upper, North Dublin City, Dublin 1, D01 VA47
- Withdrawn1 and 2 Dorset Lane, North Circular Road, Dublin 1, D01 A265
- SoldApartment 5, 32/33 Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1
- SoldApartment 1, 30 Dorset Street Lower, Dublin 1
- Withdrawn29 Dorset Square, Gardiner Street Upper, Dublin 1, D01 TR77
Development land nearby
From Buildable, our sister site for development land in Dublin.
- Permission running out · 1614 homes granted 04 Nov 2021, expires 04 Nov 2026 — Holy Cross College (0.9 km)
- Permitted, not started · 26 homes granted 19 Oct 2023, expires 19 Oct 2028 — Wellington Street Lower (0.5 km)
- Permitted, not started · 29 homes granted 03 Mar 2025, expires 03 Mar 2030 — 12-16A Wellington Street Lower (0.5 km)
- Residential land off Dorset Square, 31 Upper Gardiner Street, Dublin 1 (0.0 km)
- Residential land off Belvedere Road, Dublin 1 (0.1 km)
Appeal
Not appealed.
Commencement
No commencement notice matched to this reference.
Zoning at the site
Zone Z2 - DEV PLAN 2022-2028
R2 — Existing residential
Z2: Residential Neighbourhoods (Conservation Areas): To protect and/or improve the amenities of residential conservation areas.
An established residential area. The objective is to protect existing residential amenity as well as to provide housing — which is the objective a neighbour's objection to an overbearing extension is usually argued under.
Designations within 250 m
No OPW flood extent nearby.
- NIAH-recorded building · 175
- Radon risk area · 1
- Recorded monument · 2
Provenance
Register row from the national planning applications feed (NPAD), fetched 11 Sept 2026, 18:51 (store id 80696). Deadlines were computed by the store from the received / decided dates under the Planning and Development Act 2000 and are recorded as events, not recomputed here.
Source: npad · fetched 11 Sept 2026, 18:51
| Source | Licence | Fetched | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| npad | CC-BY-4.0 | 11 Sept 2026, 18:51 | open |